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Three-dimensional composite Li metal anode by simple mechanical modification for high-energy batteries

《能源前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第5期   页码 569-584 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0875-7

摘要： Lithium (Li) metal is believed to be the “Holy Grail” among all anode materials for next-generation Li-based batteries due to its high theoretical specific capacity (3860 mAh/g) and lowest redox potential (−3.04 V). Disappointingly, uncontrolled dendrite formation and “hostless” deposition impede its further development. It is well accepted that the construction of three-dimensional (3D) composite Li metal anode could tackle the above problems to some extent by reducing local current density and maintaining electrode volume during cycling. However, most strategies to build 3D composite Li metal anode require either electrodeposition or melt-infusion process. In spite of their effectiveness, these procedures bring multiple complex processing steps, high temperature, and harsh experimental conditions which cannot meet the actual production demand in consideration of cost and safety. Under this condition, a novel method to construct 3D composite anode via simple mechanical modification has been recently proposed which does not involve harsh conditions, fussy procedures, or fancy equipment. In this mini review, a systematic and in-depth investigation of this mechanical deformation technique to build 3D composite Li metal anode is provided. First, by summarizing a number of recent studies, different mechanical modification approaches are classified clearly according to their specific procedures. Then, the effect of each individual mechanical modification approach and its working mechanisms is reviewed. Afterwards, the merits and limits of different approaches are compared. Finally, a general summary and perspective on construction strategies for next-generation 3D composite Li anode are presented.

关键词： lithium (Li)-ion battery (LIB)     Li metal battery     three-dimensional (3D) composite Li metal anode     mechanical modification     reducing local current density    

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Study on the surface-modification of nano-hydroxyapatite with lignin and the corresponding nanocomposite

Haojie Ding, Liuyun Jiang, Chunyan Tang, Shuo Tang, Bingli Ma, Na Zhang, Yue Wen, Yan Zhang, Liping Sheng, Shengpei Su, Xiang Hu

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第3期   页码 630-642 doi: 10.1007/s11705-020-1970-5

摘要： To obtain nano-hydroxyapatite/poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (n-HA/PLGA) nanocomposite with superior mechanical properties, here, lignin was chosen to surface-modify for n-HA through co-precipitation method. The different reaction conditions of reaction time, phosphorus source, and the lignin addition amount were studied by fourier transformation infrared spectra, X-ray diffraction, the intuitionistic dispersion experiment, transmission electron microscope and thermal gravimetric analysis. The reaction mechanism and the best appropriate reaction condition were obtained. More importantly, the results of electromechanical universal tester, scanning electron microscope, differential scanning calorimetric analyzer, polarized optical microscopy and dynamic mechanical analysis confirmed that the obtained n-HA could greatly increase the mechanical strength of PLGA, owing to the excellent dispersion and promotion crystallization effect. Moreover, cell culture experimental results indicated that the n-HA surface-modified by lignin was favorable to improve the cell biocompatibility of PLGA. The study suggested that the introduction of lignin was a novel method to acquire a highly dispersed n-HA, which would provide a new idea to achieve the n-HA/PLGA nanocomposite as bone materials in future, and it would pave the way towards a new application of lignin in biomedical field.

关键词： nanocomposite     poly (lactide-co-glycolide)     hydroxyapatite     mechanical property    

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Sustainable functionalization and modification of materials via multicomponent reactions in water

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第9期   页码 1318-1344 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2150-6

摘要： In materials chemistry, green chemistry has established firm ground providing essential design criteria to develop advanced tools for efficient functionalization and modification of materials. Particularly, the combination of multicomponent reactions in water and aqueous media with materials chemistry unlocks a new sustainable way for constructing multi-functionalized structures with unique features, playing significant roles in the plethora of applications. Multicomponent reactions have received significant consideration from the community of material chemistry because of their great efficiency, simple operations, intrinsic molecular diversity, and an atom and a pot economy. Also, by rational design of multicomponent reactions in water and aqueous media, the performance of some multicomponent reactions could be enhanced by the contributing “natural” form of water-soluble materials, the exclusive solvating features of water, and simple separating and recovering materials. To date, there is no exclusive review to report the sustainable functionalization and modification of materials in water. This critical review highlights the utility of various kinds of multicomponent reactions in water and aqueous media as green methods for functionalization and modification of siliceous, magnetic, and carbonaceous materials, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, peptides, proteins, and synthetic polymers. The detailed discussion of synthetic procedures, properties, and related applicability of each functionalized/modified material is fully deliberated in this review.

关键词： materials     multicomponent reactions     modification     functionalization     water    

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An investigation on modification mechanism of CH

Qiang XIN, Shanghong HUANG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第3期   页码 293-300 doi: 10.1007/s11709-017-0403-0

摘要： Rising oil price has brought huge cost pressure for low grade highway construction, and it is urgent to find alternative resources. At the same time, there are nearly 50000–60000 tons of low temperature coal output in inner Mongolia region, China, which has high toxicity and high polluting. To make the low temperature coal be applicable for road constructions, the formaldehyde is used as cross linking agent, the concentrated sulfuric acid is used as catalyst, and the chemical modification of low temperature coal tar pitch in Inner Mongolia region is investigated. The road performance (softening point, penetration and ductility) of modified low temperature coal are tested. Results shown that the road performance of modified low temperature coal is increased significantly. Modification mechanism of low temperature coal is studied by Scanning Electron Microscopy and other analytical tools. Results show that, in the modified low temperature coal, resin content increases and the resin fiber diameter becomes larger with the increasing of formaldehyde content.

关键词： low temperature     coal tar pitch     modification     road performance    

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Research progress on low dielectric constant modification of cellulose insulating paper for power transformers

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第8期   页码 991-1009 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2259-7

摘要： Because of the increase in the transmission voltage levels, the demand for insulation reliability of power transformers has increasingly become critical. Cellulose insulating paper is the main insulating component of power transformers. To improve the insulation level of ultrahigh voltage transformers and reduce their weight and size, reducing the dielectric constant of oil-immersed cellulose insulating paper is highly desired. Cellulose is used to produce power-transformer insulating papers owing to its excellent electrical properties, renewability, biodegradability and abundance. The dielectric constant of a cellulose insulating paper can be effectively reduced by chemical or physical modification. This study presents an overview of the foreign and domestic research status of the use of modification technology to reduce the dielectric constant of cellulose insulating papers. All the mentioned methods are analyzed in this study. Finally, some recommendations for future modified cellulose insulating paper research and applications are proposed. This paper can provide a reference for further research on low dielectric constant cellulose insulating paper in the future.

关键词： low dielectric constant     chemical and physical modification     cellulose insulating paper     transformer     nanomaterials.    

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Crystal modification of rifapentine using different solvents

Kun ZHOU, Jun LI, Jianhong LUO, Dongsheng ZHENG,

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第1期   页码 65-69 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0302-6

摘要： Rifapentine crystals with different habits were prepared by recrystallization from selected solvents, such as methanol, ethanol, chloroform, and acetic acid. Scanning electron microscopy, X-ray powder diffractometry, infrared spectrometry, and differential scanning calorimetry were used to investigate the physicochemical characteristics of the prepared crystals. The comparative dissolution behaviors of the newly developed crystals and of rifapentine without being treated were also studied. Results show that the newly developed crystals were different from each other with respect to physical properties but were identical chemically. Needle-shaped crystals were obtained from methanol, ethanol, and chloroform solvents, and the block-shaped crystals were obtained from acetic acid solvent. X-ray diffraction spectra and differential scanning calorimetry investigation on those developed crystals clearly indicate that rifapentine has different crystal structure modification. When the crystal was obtained from acetic acid, the change of crystal habit was originated from the crystal structure modification. The dissolution rate of newly developed crystals was found to be higher than that of rifapentine without being treated. However, the modified crystal obtained from acetic acid shows the lower dissolution rate than crystals obtained from other solvents.

关键词： identical     scanning calorimetry     different     comparative dissolution     structure modification    

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Strengthening of polysulfone membranes using hybrid mixtures of micro- and nano-scale modifiers

Peyman P. Selakjani, Majid Peyravi, Mohsen Jahanshahi, Hamzeh Hoseinpour, Ali S. Rad, Soodabeh Khalili

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第1期   页码 174-183 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1670-y

摘要： Polysulfone (PSf) membranes were modified by either a new organic modifier (sulfonated poly(ether sulfide sulfone), SPESS) or a traditional modifier (rice hulk). These membranes were further reinforced with either multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) or silica nanoparticles. Having a dye rejection of 98.46%, the reinforced membranes increased more than 50% in strength but no change in solution flux was observed. The morphological and roughness studies were conducted using scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. Moreover, the PSF membranes were also characterized by differential scanning calorimetry. Modifying the membranes with organic modifier or nanofiller increases the glass transition temperature ( ). The highest and strength were observed for the PSf-SPESS-MWCNT membrane. SPESS decreases surface roughness but MWCNT increases roughness on the nanoscale. All membranes show a bimodal pore size distribution, whereas the PSf-SPESS-MWCNT membrane exhibits a relatively uniform distribution of macroscopic and microscopic pores.

关键词： polysulfone membrane     mechanical properties     micro- and nano-modification     binary and ternary system     dye removal    

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Surface modification techniques of membranes to improve their antifouling characteristics: recent advancements

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第12期   页码 1837-1865 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2347-3

摘要： Surface modification techniques of membranes to improve their antifouling characteristics: recent advancements and developments

关键词： Surface modification techniques    

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RNA m6A modification and its function in diseases

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第4期   页码 481-489 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0654-8

摘要：

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most common post-transcriptional RNA modification throughout the transcriptome, affecting fundamental aspects of RNA metabolism. m6A modification could be installed by m6A “writers” composed of core catalytic components (METTL3/METTL14/WTAP) and newly defined regulators and removed by m6A “erasers” (FTO and ALKBH5). The function of m6A is executed by m6A “readers” that bind to m6A directly (YTH domain-containing proteins, eIF3 and IGF2BPs) or indirectly (HNRNPA2B1). In the past few years, advances in m6A modulators (“writers,” “erasers,” and “readers”) have remarkably renewed our understanding of the function and regulation of m6A in different cells under normal or disease conditions. However, the mechanism and the regulatory network of m6A are still largely unknown. Moreover, investigations of the m6A physiological roles in human diseases are limited. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in m6A research and highlight the functional relevance and importance of m6A modification in in vitro cell lines, in physiological contexts, and in cancers.

关键词： RNA modification     m6A     immunity     cancer     epigenetics    

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Hydrophilic modification of poly(aryl sulfone) membrane materials toward highly-efficient environmental

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第5期   页码 614-633 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2115-1

摘要： Poly(aryl sulfone) as a typical membrane material has been widely used due to excellent mechanical, chemical and thermal stability. However, the inherent hydrophobicity of poly(aryl sulfone) based membranes bears with the fouling issue during applications, which makes the membrane tending to adsorb contaminants on the surface so as to result in decreased separation performance and lifetime. In this critical review, we give a comprehensive overview on characterizations of hydrophilic membrane and diverse hydrophilic modification approaches of poly(aryl sulfone) membranes, predominantly including bulky, blending and surface modification technology. The discussions on the different modification methods have been provided in-depth. Besides, focusing on modification methods and performance of modified membranes, the related mechanisms for the performance enhancement are discussed too. At last, the perspectives are provided to guide the future directions to develop novel technology to manipulate the hydrophilicity of poly(aryl sulfone) membranes toward diverse practical and multi-functional applications.

关键词： poly(aryl sulfone)     membrane separations     modification     hydrophilicity     water treatment    

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Feasibility of bubble surface modification for natural organic matter removal from river water using

Yulong Shi, Jiaxuan Yang, Jun Ma, Congwei Luo

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0954-2

摘要： A novel, functionalized bubble surface can be obtained in dissolved air flotation (DAF) by dosing chemicals in the saturator. In this study, different cationic chemicals were used as bubble surface modifiers, and their effects on natural organic matter (NOM) removal from river water were investigated. NOM in the samples was fractionated based on molecular weight and hydrophobicity. The disinfection byproduct formation potentials of each fraction and their removal efficiencies were also evaluated. The results showed that chitosan was the most promising bubble modifier compared with a surfactant and a synthetic polymer. Tiny bubbles in the DAF pump system facilitated the adsorption of chitosan onto microbubble surfaces. The hydrophobic NOM fraction was preferentially removed by chitosan-modified bubbles. Decreasing the recycle water pH from 7.0 to 5.5 improved the removal of hydrophilic NOM with low molecular weight. Likewise, hydrophilic organic compounds gave high dihaloacetic acid yields in raw water. An enhanced reduction of haloacetic acid precursors was obtained with recycle water at pH values of 5.5 and 4.0. The experimental results indicate that NOM fractions may interact with bubbles through different mechanisms. Positive bubble modification provides an alternative approach for DAF to enhance NOM removal.

关键词： Bubble surface modification     Chitosan     Disinfection by-product     Dissolved air flotation     Organic fraction    

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A bionic approach for the mechanical and electrical decoupling of an MEMS capacitive sensor in ultralow

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第18卷 第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-023-0747-1

摘要： Capacitive sensors are efficient tools for biophysical force measurement, which is essential for the exploration of cellular behavior. However, attention has been rarely given on the influences of external mechanical and internal electrical interferences on capacitive sensors. In this work, a bionic swallow structure design norm was developed for mechanical decoupling, and the influences of structural parameters on mechanical behavior were fully analyzed and optimized. A bionic feather comb distribution strategy and a portable readout circuit were proposed for eliminating electrostatic interferences. Electrostatic instability was evaluated, and electrostatic decoupling performance was verified on the basis of a novel measurement method utilizing four complementary comb arrays and application-specific integrated circuit readouts. An electrostatic pulling experiment showed that the bionic swallow structure hardly moved by 0.770 nm, and the measurement error was less than 0.009% for the area-variant sensor and 1.118% for the gap-variant sensor, which can be easily compensated in readouts. The proposed sensor also exhibited high resistance against electrostatic rotation, and the resulting measurement error dropped below 0.751%. The rotation interferences were less than 0.330 nm and (1.829 × 10−7)°, which were 35 times smaller than those of the traditional differential one. Based on the proposed bionic decoupling method, the fabricated sensor exhibited overwhelming capacitive sensitivity values of 7.078 and 1.473 pF/µm for gap-variant and area-variant devices, respectively, which were the highest among the current devices. High immunity to mechanical disturbances was maintained simultaneously, i.e., less than 0.369% and 0.058% of the sensor outputs for the gap-variant and area-variant devices, respectively, indicating its great performance improvements over existing devices and feasibility in ultralow biomedical force measurement.

关键词： micro-electro-mechanical system capacitive sensor     bionics     operation instability     mechanical and electrical decoupling     biomedical force measurement    

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The modification of titanium in mesoporous silica for Co-based Fischer–Tropsch catalysts

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第8期   页码 1224-1236 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2139-1

摘要： Ordered SBA-15 mesoporous silica with incorporated titanium was successfully synthesized via a one-pot hydrothermal crystallization method. The characterization including powder X-ray diffraction, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller, transmission electron microscope, temperature-programmed reduction, temperature-programmed desorption, Fourier transform infrared and ultraviolet-visible-near infrared spectrometer was performed to explore the physical and chemical structures of both the supports and the catalysts. The results showed that titanium was successfully incorporated into the mesoporous silica framework with a limited amount of titanium (Si/Ti > 20), and the mesoporous structure was retained. However, the increased titanium content inevitably resulted in the formation of anatase TiO 2 particles on the support surface. The increased incorporated titanium strengthened the interactions between cobalt species and supports, which was favorable for the cobalt species dispersion, despite the limited cobalt oxide reducibility. The enhanced metal-support interactions were beneficial for the CO/H2 ratio at the active cobalt sites, which facilitated the formation of more C5+ hydrocarbons. This study provides a promising method for support modification with incorporated-heteroatoms for the rational development of Fischer–Tropsch catalysts.

关键词： Fischer–Tropsch synthesis     titanium incorporation     mesoporous silica     metal-support interactions     C5+ selectivity    

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Fabrication, modification and environmental applications of TiO

S. ROHANI, T. ISIMJAN, A. MOHAMED, H. KAZEMIAN, M. SALEM, T. WANG

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第1期   页码 112-122 doi: 10.1007/s11705-011-1144-6

摘要： Among the semiconductors, titanium dioxide has been identified as an effective photocatalyst due to its abundance, low cost, stability, and superior electronic energy band structure. Highly ordered nanotube arrays of titania were produced by anodization and mild sonication. The band gap energy of the titania nanotube arrays was reduced to 2.6 eV by co-doping with Fe, C, N atoms using an electrolyte solution containing K Fe(CN) . The photoconversion of phenol in a batch photoreactor increased to more than 18% based on the initial concentration of phenol by using a composite nanomaterial consisting of titania nanotube arrays and Pt/ZIF-8 nanoparticles. A layer-by-layer assembly technique for the deposition of titania nanoparticles was developed to fabricate air filters for the degradation of trace amounts of toluene in the air and preparation of superhyrophobic surfaces for oil-water separation and anti-corrosion surfaces.

关键词： TiO2 nanotube arrays and nanoparticles     anodization     bandgap modification     layer-by-layer deposition     oil-water separation    

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Development of oncolytic virotherapy: from genetic modification to combination therapy

Qiaoshuai Lan, Shuai Xia, Qian Wang, Wei Xu, Haiyan Huang, Shibo Jiang, Lu Lu

《医学前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第2期   页码 160-184 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0750-4

摘要： Oncolytic virotherapy (OVT) is a novel form of immunotherapy using natural or genetically modified viruses to selectively replicate in and kill malignant cells. Many genetically modified oncolytic viruses (OVs) with enhanced tumor targeting, antitumor efficacy, and safety have been generated, and safety have been genetically modified, and some of which have been assessed in clinical trials. Combining OVT with other immunotherapies can remarkably enhance the antitumor efficacy. In this work, we review the use of wild-type viruses in OVT and the strategies for OV genetic modification. We also review and discuss the combinations of OVT with other immunotherapies.

关键词： immunotherapy     oncolytic virus     genetic modification     immune checkpoint blockade     chimeric antigen receptor T cell    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Three-dimensional composite Li metal anode by simple mechanical modification for high-energy batteries

期刊论文

Study on the surface-modification of nano-hydroxyapatite with lignin and the corresponding nanocomposite

Haojie Ding, Liuyun Jiang, Chunyan Tang, Shuo Tang, Bingli Ma, Na Zhang, Yue Wen, Yan Zhang, Liping Sheng, Shengpei Su, Xiang Hu

期刊论文

Sustainable functionalization and modification of materials via multicomponent reactions in water

期刊论文

An investigation on modification mechanism of CH

Qiang XIN, Shanghong HUANG

期刊论文

Research progress on low dielectric constant modification of cellulose insulating paper for power transformers

期刊论文

Crystal modification of rifapentine using different solvents

Kun ZHOU, Jun LI, Jianhong LUO, Dongsheng ZHENG,

期刊论文

Strengthening of polysulfone membranes using hybrid mixtures of micro- and nano-scale modifiers

Peyman P. Selakjani, Majid Peyravi, Mohsen Jahanshahi, Hamzeh Hoseinpour, Ali S. Rad, Soodabeh Khalili

期刊论文

Surface modification techniques of membranes to improve their antifouling characteristics: recent advancements

期刊论文

RNA m6A modification and its function in diseases

null

期刊论文

Hydrophilic modification of poly(aryl sulfone) membrane materials toward highly-efficient environmental

期刊论文

Feasibility of bubble surface modification for natural organic matter removal from river water using

Yulong Shi, Jiaxuan Yang, Jun Ma, Congwei Luo

期刊论文

A bionic approach for the mechanical and electrical decoupling of an MEMS capacitive sensor in ultralow

期刊论文

The modification of titanium in mesoporous silica for Co-based Fischer–Tropsch catalysts

期刊论文

Fabrication, modification and environmental applications of TiO

S. ROHANI, T. ISIMJAN, A. MOHAMED, H. KAZEMIAN, M. SALEM, T. WANG

期刊论文

Development of oncolytic virotherapy: from genetic modification to combination therapy

Qiaoshuai Lan, Shuai Xia, Qian Wang, Wei Xu, Haiyan Huang, Shibo Jiang, Lu Lu

期刊论文